HTML Entities
Reserved characters in HTML must be replaced with entities:
< (less than) = <
> (greather than) = >
HTML Character Entities
Some characters are reserved in HTML.
If you use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your HTML text, the browser might mix them with tags.
Entity names or entity numbers can be used to display reserved HTML characters.
Entity names look like this:
&entity_name;
Entity numbers look like this:
&#entity_number;
To display a less than sign (<) we must write: < or <
Entity names are easier to remember than entity numbers.
Non-breaking Space
A commonly used HTML entity is the non-breaking space:
A non-breaking space is a space that will not break into a new line.
Two words
separated by a non-breaking space will stick together (not break into a new
line). This
is handy when breaking the words might be disruptive.
Examples:
§ 10
10 km/h
10 PM
Another common use of the non-breaking space is to prevent browsers from truncating spaces in HTML pages.
If you write 10 spaces in your text, the browser will remove 9 of them. To add real spaces to your text,
you can use the character entity.
The non-breaking hyphen (‑)
is used to define a hyphen character (‑) that does not break into a new
line.
Some Useful HTML Character Entities
Result
Description
Name
Number
non-breaking space
Try it »
<
less than
<
<
Try it »
>
greater than
>
>
Try it »
&
ampersand
&
&
Try it »
"
double quotation mark
"
"
Try it »
'
single quotation mark
'
'
Try it »
¢
cent
¢
¢
Try it »
£
pound
£
£
Try it »
¥
yen
¥
¥
Try it »
€
euro
€
€
Try it »
©
copyright
©
©
Try it »
®
trademark
®
®
Try it »
Note
Entity names are case sensitive.
Combining Diacritical Marks
A diacritical mark is a "glyph" added to a letter.
Some diacritical marks, like grave ( ̀) and acute ( ́) are called accents.
Diacritical marks can be used in combination with alphanumeric characters to produce a character that is not present in
the character set (encoding) used in the page.
Here are some examples:
Mark
Character
Construct
Result
̀
a
à
à
Try it »
́
a
á
á
Try it »
̂
a
â
â
Try it »
̃
a
ã
ã
Try it »
̀
O
Ò
Ò
Try it »
́
O
Ó
Ó
Try it »
̂
O
Ô
Ô
Try it »
̃
O
Õ
Õ
Try it »
There are more examples in the next chapter.
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+1
Reference: https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_entities.asp